Mohammadreza Ershadinia
Abstract
The assimilation of the Sensible to the Intelligible has been a technical and artistic effort throughout the history of Islamic philosophy. The Muslim philosophers have shown their skill in their circular metaphorical drawing the grades of existence, based on the two arcs of descent and ascent, and have ...
Read More
The assimilation of the Sensible to the Intelligible has been a technical and artistic effort throughout the history of Islamic philosophy. The Muslim philosophers have shown their skill in their circular metaphorical drawing the grades of existence, based on the two arcs of descent and ascent, and have enriched them with the revelatory teachings. In spite of all the basic and methodological differences in their views, the centrality of believing in the Origin and the Return has made an agreement between them on drawing this circle. The substantiality of the basic principle of believing in the Origin and the Return, taking use of the revealed texts; i.e. the Qur’anic verses, and some philosophical concepts such as the Gradedness of Existence, are some common principles in all schools of Islamic philosophy, and my explanation in this paper is based on these principles. In a paper entitled “A Critical Look at the ‘Fâyḍ’-oriented Approach to Islamic Philosophy and its Consequences for Education”, its author in a part of his objections to the ontological principles of Islamic philosophy, has criticized the circular order consisting of the arcs of descent and ascent, has described it as a “problematic and not very skilful plan”, and in the shadow of this description, has made some misplaced objections to the whole of the system of Islamic philosophy. In expressing the views of Muslim philosophers and examining the objections of that paper to the concepts of “the Gradedness of Existence” and “the Descent of God’s ‘Fâyḍ’”, I will follow the principles of criticism, which are based on my explanation.
mohammad reza ershadiniya
Abstract
Rational unity is one of the central issues in transcendental wisdom. The weight of its proof and the inferences made on its basis goes to paying careful attention to the method and the specific principles of transcendental wisdom. Its proofs, much like the problem itself, keep distance from conventional ...
Read More
Rational unity is one of the central issues in transcendental wisdom. The weight of its proof and the inferences made on its basis goes to paying careful attention to the method and the specific principles of transcendental wisdom. Its proofs, much like the problem itself, keep distance from conventional philosophy. In this regard, some recent scholars, with the mentality that Sadra’s views and those of other theologians share the same method and basis for the doctrine of unity have interpreted the doctrine and its arguments and with the claim of adopting a critical view have produced no result other than creating doubt. Hakim Sabzevari has provided an argument for the doctrine of unity which is based on Sadra's specific principles. His argument is based on observing equivalent intellects when understanding generalities with not mentioning the idea of reality and tenuity’. One of the recent scholars, who has tried to claim that the argument is more general than the claim itself, has distorted the argument and consequently the doctrine of rational unity because of the inefficiency of using the reality and tenuity idea in proving the doctrine. The purpose of this article is to analyze the claims and evaluate the quality of the underlying assumptions. It is concluded that studies with no sufficient depth have made some researches go astray and create doubts about the most exalted theories of transcendental wisdom.
